The Escalating Energy War Between California and the White House

In recent years, California has grown increasingly progressive in its energy policy, shifting away from fossil fuels toward renewable alternatives. The state has invested heavily in developing its renewable energy capacity over the last decade, in a bid to decrease reliance on oil, coal, and gas. This has helped it reduce emissions as many other U.S. states struggle to decarbonise.

While the move is seen as positive by millions of Californians, President Trump is not so sure. The Trump administration has doubled down on its support for fossil fuels…

Refining & Products Context

Downstream margins — or crack spreads — have experienced considerable volatility as refinery operators navigate feedstock cost fluctuations, product demand seasonality, and evolving fuel specifications. Gasoline and distillate margins serve as key profitability levers for integrated refiners.

Refinery utilization rates, particularly in the U.S. Gulf Coast and Northwest European hubs, directly influence product availability and pricing. Unplanned outages, scheduled turnarounds, and weather-related disruptions are recurring factors that tighten regional product supply.

What to Watch

Key metrics to watch include refinery utilization rates, weekly distillate inventory builds or draws, and crack spread movements, which serve as real-time indicators of refining profitability across major processing hubs.